Single-phase and three-phase controlled rectifiers, Distortion, displacement and power factor. Commutation overlap. Firing control. Voltage-fed inverters, the McMurray and McMurray-Bedford inverters. Voltage control in inverters, PWM control techniques. Current-fed inverters; load-commutated, force-commutated, auto-sequential-commutated inverters. DC and AC drives; scalar and vector control methods, slip power recovery control.