Physical principles and thermodynamics of electrochemical energy conversion and fuel cells. 

Fuel cell reaction kinetics and charge transport. 

Polymer electrolyte membrane and solid oxide fuel cells, their electrochemistry, heat and mass transfer. 

Performance characteristics and efficiency of fuel cells, and factors affecting them. 

Fuel cell modeling, polarization curves, and fuel cell measurement techniques. 

Hydrogen as a fuel and its characteristics, storage and use, and safety aspects. 

Fuel cell systems and applications.