This course explores the architecture and cities in the Mediterranean region. It is essential to understand how Mediterranean architecture is shaped not only by a specific geographical boundary, but also by considering climatic, socio-cultural, physical, and environmental factors. This course aims to improve students' knowledge levels and critical thinking skills in design by conducting research and analyzing Mediterranean architectural precedents and urban morphologies. For this purpose, creative design approaches unique to the Mediterranean, both functionally and aesthetically, are discussed in an interactive environment, within the context of urban settlement, topography, context, spatial volume and mass form of buildings, surface characteristics, and use of local materials as well as traditional and modern construction techniques.